|
''Dianthus superbus'' ('fringed pink or large pink) is a species of ''Dianthus'' native to Europe and northern Asia, from northernmost Spain and France north to arctic Norway, and east to Japan; in the south of its range, it occurs at high altitudes, up to 2,400 m.〔Den Virtuella Floran: (''Dianthus superbus'' (in Swedish, with maps) )〕〔Flora Europaea: (''Dianthus superbus'' )〕〔Blamey, M. & Grey-Wilson, C. (1989). ''Flora of Britain and Northern Europe''. ISBN 0-340-40170-2〕〔Euro+Med Plantbase Project: (''Dianthus superbus'' )〕 It is a herbaceous perennial plant growing to 80 cm tall. The leaves are green to greyish green, slender, up to 8 cm long. The flowers are sweetly scented, 3–5 cm in diameter, with five deeply cut fringed petals, pink to lavender with a greenish base; they are produced in branched clusters at the top of the stems from early to late summer.〔〔Huxley, A., ed. (1992). ''New RHS Dictionary of Gardening''. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-47494-5.〕 There are six subspecies:〔〔〔〔 *''Dianthus superbus'' subsp. ''superbus''. Most of the species' range. *''Dianthus superbus'' subsp. ''autumnalis'' Oberd. Southwestern France. *''Dianthus superbus'' subsp. ''sylvestris'' Čelak. Germany. *''Dianthus superbus'' subsp. ''alpestris'' Kablík. ex Čelak. (syn. ''D. s''. subsp. ''speciosus''). Alps, Carpathians, at high altitudes. Shorter stems; leaves greyer; flowers large. *''Dianthus superbus'' subsp. ''stenocalyx'' (Trautv. ex Juz.) Kleopow. Southern Russia, Ukraine. *''Dianthus superbus'' subsp. ''longicalycinus'' (Maxim.) Kitam. Japan. Also called . It is the only food source of the large moth ''Coleophora musculella''. ==Cultivation and uses== ''D. superbus'' is a popular garden plant and several cultivars and hybrids have been selected, with flower colour varying from white to red or purple, usually with a green centre. It thrives in ordinary to dry soil in full sun; partial shade is preferred in hot climates. It is self-sowing and can be propagated by seed, by division of the roots, layering of the stems or cuttings from growing shoots.〔 Deadheading (removing spent blossoms so that seed heads can not form) extends the blooming period. The flowers sit atop stems approximately 25–45 cm tall, while the gray-green linear leaves form a mat at the base of the plant 20–30 cm wide. Because ''D. superbus'' is low to the ground, those who want to enjoy its fragrance find planting it in groups desirable. The leaves are edible when young, and can be eaten when boiled. The flowers contain sweet nectar, and the foliage can be eaten or boiled to make a drink. The plant contains toxic saponins, but not enough to be harmful. It has historically been used in Chinese herbology as a contraceptive, diuretic, and anti-infective; its Chinese name is ''qúmài'' (瞿麦).〔Plants for a Future: (''Dianthus superbus'' )〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dianthus superbus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|